Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports

A Rare Case of Life-Threatening Severe Haematuria in a Young Female Due to Angiosarcoma of the Bladder

Bentil A Wewoli, Benjamin Akinkang, Justine Dakurah — Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Angiosarcoma of the bladder is a rare and aggressive malignancy arising from malignant endothelium accounting for less than 2% of all sarcomas. It typically affects older adults, with few cases reported in younger individuals. The rarity and nonspecific clinical presentation make diagnosis and management particularly challenging.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 32-year-old female who presented with life-threatening haematuria and anaemia. Initial assessment suggested bladder clots, and diagnostic cystoscopy was inconclusive due to persistent bleeding and extensive clot formation. The patient underwent emergency laparotomy, during which a biopsy from the thickened bladder wall revealed angiosarcoma though, immunohistochemistry was not available creating a diagnostic limitation. Despite aggressive resuscitation, and internal iliac artery ligation, bleeding persisted. Once stabilised, the patient underwent an open radical cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion. Postoperative recovery was initially uneventful, but the patient later succumbed to complications from anaemia and multi-organ failure within three months of diagnosis.

Discussion: This case highlights the aggressive course of bladder angiosarcoma and underscores the importance of early recognition and intervention. Due to its rarity, especially in young females without known risk factors, diagnosis is often delayed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation remain crucial for definitive diagnosis. Management requires a multimodal approach, often including radical surgery, and possibly chemotherapy or radiotherapy depending on the disease stage. Despite timely intervention, prognosis remains poor with high mortality.

Conclusion: Bladder angiosarcoma, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained haematuria, even in young patients. Prompt diagnosis and radical treatment are vital, although the prognosis remains guarded.

Epistemic Beliefs and Work Values of Public Elementary School Teachers

Princess Ann C. Tanutan, Josephine B. Baguio — Tue, 01 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to explore the significant relationship between epistemic beliefs and work values among public elementary school teachers in Mati District, Division of Davao Oriental. A descriptive-correlational research design was utilized, with a sample of 111 teachers from various public elementary schools in Mati District, Division of Davao Oriental. Data were gathered through standardized questionnaires and analyzed using mean, standard deviation (SD), Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the extent of epistemic beliefs and work values among teachers was at a very extensive level. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between epistemic beliefs and work values. Additionally, the study found that the domains of epistemic beliefs such as the structure, speed, control and source significantly influenced teachers' work values. Based on these findings, it is recommended that school administrators may emphasize the development of epistemic beliefs among teachers. Professional development programs may focus on promoting these beliefs to enhance teachers' alignment with work values that foster a collaborative and growth-oriented school environment.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Cross-sectional Study on Attitudes of Prospective Healthcare Professionals towards Herbal Medicines

Wed, 02 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Herbal medicine remains integral to healthcare in many countries, yet its formal integration into conventional practice is still a challenge. This cross‑sectional study assessed attitudes toward herbal medicines among final‑year medical and pharmacy students in Nigeria across four domains: safety and efficacy, scientific validation, professional and educational relevance, and integration with conventional care.

Methods: A total of 375 final‑year students from Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones completed a nine‑item Likert‑scale questionnaire. Data on personal use of herbal products, curriculum exposure, and institutional clinic availability were also collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted.

Results: A strong majority (88%) disagreed that herbal medicines lack efficacy, less than a quarter (24%) viewed them as inherently safe, but more than a third (36%) agreed that they require scientific testing before use, whilst more than three-quarters (83%) indicated that knowledge of herbal medicine is important for healthcare professionals. Close to three-quarters (70%) agreed that clinical care should integrate conventional medicine with herbal medicines, with pharmacy students (p < 0.001) and those exposed to the curricula (p < 0.001) showing more support for this view. Also, compared to the pharmacy students (51%), a higher proportion of the medical students (78%) agreed that herbal medications should not be employed for therapeutic purposes unless supported by scientific evidence (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: While future Nigerian healthcare professionals recognize the therapeutic promise of herbal medicines and favour their educational inclusion and clinical integration, substantial caution persists regarding safety and the need for rigorous validation. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive, evidence‑based CAM curricula and clear regulatory frameworks to ensure safe, informed integration of herbal therapies into mainstream healthcare.

Gaussian Numbers with Generalized Pandita Numbers Components

Fatih Zahid KALCA, Yuksel SOYKAN — Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, we introduce and investigate a new class of numerical sequences in the complex domain—Gaussian generalized Pandita numbers—which extend the classical theory of linear recurrence relations. In particular, we focus on two distinct cases: the Gaussian Pandita numbers and the Gaussian Pandita-Lucas numbers. For these sequences, we derive and present a comprehensive set of mathematical results, including recurrence relations, closed-form expressions via Binet-type formulas, ordinary and exponential generating functions. In addition, we establish various algebraic identities, provide matrix representations, and prove generalized forms of Simpson’s formula. Summation identities are also developed to further explore the structural and analytical properties of these numbers. The findings contribute to the broader theory of Gaussian integer sequences and open new directions for applications in discrete mathematics and computational number theory.

Evaluation of the Hepatic Effects of Unripe Carica papaya (Pawpaw) Sap in Adult Male Wistar Rats

Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Carica papaya (pawpaw) is commonly used in traditional medicine for its nutritional and therapeutic benefits, yet the effects of its unripe fruit sap on liver function remain poorly studied. This research aimed to assess the hepatotoxic or hepatoprotective properties of unripe Carica papaya fruit sap in adult male Wistar rats through biochemical and histological evaluations.

Methodology: Twenty-four male rats were randomly assigned into four groups of six: Group A (control) and Groups B, C, and D received oral doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of unripe pawpaw fruit sap, respectively, for 14 days. Acute toxicity (LD₅₀) was determined using Lorke’s method. Liver function was evaluated via serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities using WHO-recommended spectrophotometric methods. Histopathological examination of liver tissues was conducted post-treatment.

Results: Results showed no significant differences in body weight, while liver weight significantly decreased in the high-dose group (p = 0.006), indicating potential hepatotoxicity. AST levels were significantly elevated in the moderate- and high-dose groups, while ALT increased only in the moderate-dose group. ALP levels remained unchanged across all groups. Histology revealed mild liver damage at higher doses.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that unripe Carica papaya sap may exert dose-dependent effects on liver function. While lower doses showed minimal hepatic alteration, higher doses were associated with biochemical and histological changes indicative of potential hepatotoxicity. This highlights the importance of cautious evaluation of its use, particularly at high concentrations.

Assessing Farmers Perception and Knowledge in the Management of Economically Important Insect Pests of Rice in Seirra Leone

Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Pest infestation has been a major challenge and significant constraint to rice production in Sierra Leone, threatening food security and farmers livelihoods. Unfortunately, there is a limited study on farmers’ perception and knowledge on the identification and management of these pests. Therefore, this study assessed farmers’ perceptions and knowledge regarding the identification and management of economically important insect pests across three key rice producing districts (Kenema, Kambia and Moyamba). The study used a mixed methods approach, and data were collctedfrom 300 rice farmers through structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical packages for social science and both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. The findings revealed that middle aged farmers were the most dominant and played a critical role in rice production while there was limited engagement from the younger and older farmers posing serious concern about further production. The findings further revealed a widespread reliance on physical and traditional pest control methods such as manual removal and farm sanitation with limited adoption of integrated pests’ management(IPM) practices. Major pests identified included stem borers, rice ear bug leafhoppers and termites. Logistic regression analysis showed that IPM adoption was significantly influenced by farmers age, education level, and pest knowledge. Despite low awareness of IPM, most of the farmers expressed willingness to adopt the practice. Pest infestations resulted in substantial yiled losses across all districts with Kambia experiencing the highest reduction(1.2 t/ha). Key constraints to pest management include lack of capital, limited access to credit and insufficient extension support. This study therefore underscores the importance of education, training, and financial support in promoting IPM adoption and sustainable pest management.